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Artificial Intelligence timeline: key developments

Follow key Artificial Intelligence developments through our timeline.

Keys

UK developments

These events are UK developments

International developments

These events are international developments

Technological developments

These events are technological developments

2025

10 Mar

DSIT announces Lord David Willetts’s appointment as Chair of the Regulatory Innovation Office.

10 Mar

Treasury publishes comprehensive Performance Review of Digital Spend.

10 Mar

DSIT makes an announcement on reforming how AI and digital projects are funded in the public sector to accelerate innovation, improve efficiency and deliver better public services.

9 Mar

Science Minister Lord Patrick Vallance outlines plans to impose “new performance targets on regulators to drive revolutionary technologies to market and to attract investment”.

5 Mar

New UK Challenge Fund under the AI Security Institute announced to support research into AI security risks and strengthen protections for critical industries.

4 Mar

Lord Holmes introduces the Artificial Intelligence (Regulation) Bill to the House of Lords.

26 Feb

UK Government launches Digital Inclusion Plan.

24 Feb

Peter Kyle, Secretary of State for Science, Innovation and Technology makes an announcement to rename the AI Safety Institute as the AI Security Institute.

10-11 Feb

AI Action Summit in Paris. Internation AI Safety Report published. EU announces a push to secure €200-billion for AI investments. €50-billion to be contributed by the EU, with the rest pledged by ‘providers, investors and industry’. Vice President JD Vance emphasizes a “light-touch” approach to AI regulation.

4 Feb

EU commission issues draft guidelines to address practices defined as ‘high risk’ in the EU AI Act. This includes harmful manipulation, social scoring systems and remote biometric identification.

31 Jan

UK Government issues a response to the Cyber security of AI: call for views.

30 Jan

President Trump announces Stargate Project, a private sector initiative involving OpenAI, SoftBank, Oracle, and MGX, with plans to invest up to $500 billion over four years in AI infrastructure across the United States

23 Jan

President Trump issues Executive Order 14179, titled “Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence,” revoking certain policies and establishing a plan to promote AI development.

13 Jan

Commissioned UK AI Opportunities plan released alongside the UK Government’s response committing to all recommendations either partially or in full.

2024

December

The Governor of New York signed Bill S7543A on the legislative oversight of automated decision-making in government act (LOADinG Act) to regulate the use of automated decision-making systems and AI techniques by state agencies.

Department for Science, Innovation and Technology launches Copyright and Artificial Intelligence consultation in the UK.

EU’s Product Liability Directive comes into force. The EU’s new liability rules will apply to products integrating software and AI, as well as standalone software and AI (with some exceptions). The new rules are expected to make it easier for persons, who are harmed by AI systems, to bring claims against developers of AI systems and their liability insurers.

September

Senate Bill 896 for the Artificial Intelligence Accountability Act was signed by the Governor of California into law.

August

EU Artificial Intelligence Act, the world’s first comprehensive legal framework for AI, enters into force.

May

British AI company Wayve secures over $1 billion investment to develop AI for self-driving vehicles.

Regulators’ strategic approaches to AI published (as requested in February) to inform adaptive approach to AI.

Strategic framework between UK and Canada released.

AI Safety Institute releases new AI safety evaluations platform to test AI safety.

UK government co-hosts AI Seoul Summit with the Republic of Korea on 21-22 May.

16 international tech companies sign up to the new ‘Frontier AI Safety Commitments’.

April

UK & US announce partnership on science of AI safety to develop tests for the most advanced AI models.

New laws to protect consumers and businesses from hacking and cyber-attacks come into force.

House of Commons releases Creator Remuneration report which recommends measures to compensate creators for use of their work by AI developers.

March

Eight projects awarded £1.73 million to develop and scale up AI technology to support the UK’s green transition.

G7 nations sign agreement to unite and harness AI for global productivity and economic growth, seeking regulatory alignment.

EU passes Artificial Intelligence Act, the world’s first comprehensive AI law.

Infrastructure and Projects Authority (IPA) publishes a new framework which sets out how AI will be harnessed to boost productivity in public project delivery.

Ofcom publishes strategic approach to AI 2024/25.

February

Government publishes response to the AI regulation white paper.

UK AI Safety Institute releases third progress report.

AI identified as one of the “five critical technologies” in the UK Science and Technology Framework published to grow the innovation ecosystem by 2030.

Initial ‘voluntary’ guidance for regulators published to support them to implement the UK’s pro-innovation AI regulatory principles.

Secretary of State sets out request for regulators publish an update on their strategic approach to AI by 10 April 2024.

House of Lords, Communications and Digital Committee releases report on Large Language Models and Generative AI.

January

Government launches new AI Opportunity Forum to aid adoption of AI in the private sector.

ICO launches consultation series on generative AI and data protection.

2023

November

AI Safety Summit - Bletchely Declaration.

Artificial Intelligence (Regulation) Bill given its 1st reading in the House of Lords.

October

DSIT launches discussion paper on the capabilities or, and risks from, frontier AI.

Biden issues Executive Order on AI safety.

March

Government publishes AI Regulation White Paper with the stated ambition for the UK to become an AI superpower.

Data Protection and Digital Information Bill is given its 1st reading in the House of Commons

Chat GPT - 4 launched.

2018 - 2021

April 2021

European Parliament proposal of rules on Artificial Intelligence (AI Act).

June 2020

Chat GPT -3 launched.

February 2019

Chat GPT – 2 launched.

June 2018

Chat GPT – 1 launched.

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